The Fondation Scelles publishes its 2020 International Press Overview on Prostitution, with nearly 1,200 articles collected daily during the year. In the context of the pandemic crisis and the successive confinements it has provoked in all countries of the world, what place has the media given to prostitution? How have people in prostitution lived through this crisis? What evolutions of the phenomenon have the media perceived? Faced with an evolving and changing phenomenon such as prostitution, the analysis of the day-to-day news is an important tool to detect and anticipate trends.
Prostituted people were thrown into the street by the brothels that exploited them in Spain and Germany, prostituted people were "abandoned to their fate", without ID papers and without shelter, "left behind", in "great vulnerability", forgotten by the public authorities... People in prostitution were hit hard by the Covid-19 pandemic. The successive confinements and the risks of transmission of the virus have imposed the closure of the prostitutional activity. Deprived of resources and exposed to the disease, the deterioration of the living conditions of people in prostitution has been massive, even violent, in France as well as abroad.
>>> Download Press 2020 Compilation
In France :
- « Face au coronavirus, la précarité aggravée des prostituées », Le Monde, 24 March 2020
- « On parle des femmes battues, des sans-abris mais personne ne parle des prostituées », Ouest France, 7 April 2020
- « Covid-19 : la détresse des prostitués », La Croix, 7 April 20202020
https://www.la-croix.com/France/Exclusion/Covid-19-detresse-prostitues-2020-04-07-1201088330
- « Les prostituées, victimes silencieuses du confinement », Le Progrès, 10 May 2020
Abroad :
- « Coronavirus : les prostituées du Paradise à La Jonquera jetées à la rue », France TV Info, 3 April 2020
- « Thaïlande : Le monde de la prostitution, une victime collatérale », Le Temps, 5 April 2020
https://www.letemps.ch/monde/thailande-monde-prostitution-une-victime-collaterale
- « En Belgique - Précarité et violence : le monde de la prostitution souffre de la crise sanitaire », Le Vif, 10 April 2020
- « Suisse : Précarité et clandestinité pour des prostituées sans revenu », Swiss Info, 14 April 2020
- « En Colombie, l’enfer du confinement pour les prostituées », L’Obs avec l’AFP, 16 April 2020
Although for some, the public health situation may have been the key to leaving prostitution, for most people in prostitution, it has aggravated the violence and exploitation they live with on a daily basis. And, the media, perhaps for the first time, began to become aware of this reality.
- « Coronavirus : Avec le confinement, l’activité des camgirls explose (mais dans quelles conditions ?) », 20 Minutes, 26 March 2020
- « Quatre femmes confinées forcées à se prostituer à Avignon », France Bleu, 2 April 2020
- « Des prostituées appellent la police, leurs proxénètes interpellés », CNews, 7 April 2020
- « Maroc : Un salon de massage transformé en maison de prostitution en plein confinement », AfrikMag, 19 April 2020
https://www.afrikmag.com/maroc-un-salon-de-massage-transforme-en-maison-close-en-plein-confinement/
- « Canada : La pandémie comme une porte de sortie de la prostitution », Le Devoir, 9 September 2020
https://www.ledevoir.com/societe/585544/coronavirus-une-porte-de-sortie-de-la-prostitution
- « Osaka prostitution ring prospered in pandemic », Tokyo Reporter, 29 November 2020
https://www.tokyoreporter.com/crime/osaka-prostitution-ring-prospered-in-pandemic/
In addition to the difficulties faced by people in prostitution, the economic standstill caused by confinement has everywhere increased the risk of development of prostitution and trafficking for the most precarious populations, among which minors and young adults (students in particular) are the most at risk:
- « Sugar Dating: Sweden sounds the alarm over coronavirus-induced underage prostitution », Sputnik News, 22 May 2020
- « Children for sale. How the pandemic is forcing poverty-stricken parents to make desperate choices », Telegrah.co.uk, 28 September 2020
- « Cameroun : la prostitution des mineures explose malgré la pandémie de Covid-19 », Koaci.com, 2 November 2020
- « Ethiopian girls trapped in sex trade as Covid-19 deepens desperation », Thomson Reuters Foundation, 9 November 2020
https://news.trust.org/item/20201109000625-vfp1u
- « Covid-19 creating risks for human trafficking crisis, say anti-trafficking leaders from over 50 countries in joint OSCE-Council of Europe meeting », Council of Europe, 5 November 2020
- « Why Covid-19 has increased trafficking of children in parts of rural India », ITV.com, 17 November 2020
- « The pandemic is fuelling slavery and sexual exploitation, UN experts warn », News.UN.org, 30 November 2020
https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/11/1078792
Youths are increasingly at risk of sexual exploitation
In France, in 2020, there were many cases of minors who were victims (but also procurers and sex buyers): men who prostituted their partners or girlfriends who were minors or young adults, young girls who had run away and were forced into prostitution, teenagers who were kidnapped and sexually exploited, others who were sold for a few thousand euros, exploited by gangs or procurers who were not much older than they were...
The voice begins to be released. Victims, but also parents of victims reveal the reality of prostitution, their daily life mixed with fear, the difficulty to get out of it... And, in the context of the publication of Vanessa Springora's story in the book “Le Consentement” (Grasset Ed., January 2020) and of the scandal of sexual violence committed on minors in the field of figure skating (February 2020), these testimonies take on a particular resonance.
- « Prostitution de mineurs : A 14 ans, on ne sait pas ce qu’on fait », Le Parisien, 20 January 2020
- « Il voyait que j’étais fragile, que j’étais complètement perdue » : Marion raconte l’enfer de la prostitution », France Info, 10 February 2020
- « Nina et Thierry, une fille et son père face à l’enfer de la prostitution adolescente », Marie-Claire, 28 February 2020
- « Allemagne/ Loverboys proxénètes : ‘je croyais qu’il m’aimait’ », Révolution féministe, 2 February 2020
https://revolutionfeministe.wordpress.com/2020/02/01/loverboys-proxenetes-je-croyais-quil-maimait/
- « Prostitution de mineurs : ‘Je me suis autodétruite », Elle, 14 December 2020
https://www.elle.fr/Societe/Les-enquetes/Prostitution-des-mineurs-Je-me-suis-autodetruite-3893868
Awareness of the risks of sexual exploitation that minors encounter is now pervasive and governments want to act:
- « Confinement : une sénatrice alerte sur la prostitution des mineurs », Public Sénat, 27 April 2020
- « Meaux : la lutte contre le proxénétisme, priorité de la procureure Laureline Peyrefitte », Le Parisien, 27 July 2020
- « Différents acteurs s’unissent en Seine-Saint-Denis pour protéger les mineures de la prostitution », Affiches parisiennes, 17 July 2020
- « Le gouvernement lance un groupe de réflexion sur la prostitution des mineurs », Le Monde, 24 September 2020
Abolitionist progress around the world
In the context of the pandemic, the discussion about the legal status of prostitution has re-emerged in several countries, including countries that have opted for a regulationist model. In the Netherlands, voices are being raised to call for the criminalization of sex buyers; in Germany, where the most famous brothel went bankrupt, some people are calling for brothels not to be reopened; in Malta, where all the legal systems are confronted (from decriminalization to the Nordic model), but also in Spain, in Scotland…
- « En Espagne, le coronavirus ravive le débat sur la prostitution », Le Monde, 29 August 2020
- « The end of Amsterdam’s red light district? Holland is to consider BANNING paying for sex », Daily Mail, 3 September 2020
- « Le Pascha à Cologne : le plus grand bordel de l’Europe en faillite », 50/50 Magazine, 14 septembre 2020
- « German lawmakers call for buying sex to be made permanently illegal », Deutsche Welle, 20 May 2020
https://www.dw.com/en/german-lawmakers-call-for-buying-sex-to-be-made-permanently-illegal/a-53504221
- « ’Recommandation to legalise prostitution will turn Malta into a hub of sex tourism’, coalition says », Malta Independent Online, 30 August 2020
- « Prostitution during the pandemic: Findings show need for Nordic Model », Dignity, Vol.5, Issue 1, August 2020
https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/dignity/vol5/iss1/7/
- « Scottish Government could make buying sex illegal under radical prostitution plans? », Daily Record, 11 September 2020
https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/scottish-news/scottish-government-could-make-buying-22664061
In France, the law of April 13, 2016 continues to be discussed and contested. The publication of the evaluation of the implementation of the law by the joint ministerial mission emphasized the insufficient application of the law, the lack of resources and the absence of political leadership. However, the positive effects of the law are beginning to be visible. In the courts in particular, violence committed against prostituted persons is finally being heard by the courts and heavily punished:
- « Prostitution : le gouvernement rappelé à l’ordre », La Croix, 23 June 2020
https://www.la-croix.com/France/Prostitution-gouvernement-rappele-lordre-2020-06-23-1201101393
- « Les failles de la loi prostitution, quatre ans après son adoption », Le Parisien, 23 June 2020
- « La mission d’évaluation interministérielle de la loi du 13 avril 2016 réclame une impulsion politique, des moyens humains et financiers pour lever les blocages et répondre aux défis », Fondation Scelles, 24 June 2020
- « La loi adoptée en 2016 souffre dans son application d’un manque de volonté politique », Sud-Ouest, 23 June 2020
- « Justice – 3 ans de prison pour l’agresseur d’une prostituée », Actu.fr, 10 July 2020
- « 30 ans de prison pour le meurtre d’une prostituée transgenre à Rouen en 2016 », Le Monde, 13 November 2020
The pornographic industry in charge…
One of the effects of the public health crisis has been the increase in pornographic use in all its forms and, often, without limits. During the first lockdown, there was an explosion of practices manipulating children's images (like sex dolls for example) and the development of websites encouraging minors to create sexual content.
- « Confinement : faut-il s’inquiéter de la hausse du trafic sur Pornhub ? », Courrier international, 25 March 2020
- « Snapchat and Teen Vogue encouraging teens to create ‘child pornography’ during quarantine », National Center for Sexual Exploitation), Daily Caller, 26 March 2020
- « Confinement : la fréquentation des site pornographiques a augmenté de 50% », L’Union, 27 March 2020
- « Australia: Border force officers seizing large number of lifelike child sex dolls ordered online », News.co.au, 29 July 2020
- « Covid-19 lockdowns have led to a huge in sex doll sales », Vice.com, 10 August 2020
https://www.vice.com/en/article/7kpmpb/covid-19-lockdowns-have-led-to-a-huge-spike-in-sex-doll-sales
- « Amazon retire des poupées sexuelles de fillettes vendues en ligne », L’Express, 17 August 2020
- « C’est quoi OnlyFans, ‘l’Instagram du porno’ qui cartonne chez les jeunes ? », 20 Minutes, 30 August 2020
In France, feminist associations get the decision to open an investigation for "rape" and " procuring" against a well-known pornography site: several people were subsequently indicted for "human trafficking". In the USA, the website PornHub is violently contested, especially after an investigation by the famous journalist Nicholas Kristof of the New York Times “The Children of PornHub” (https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/04/opinion/sunday/pornhub-rape-trafficking.html) in December 2020: PornHub, accused of hosting child pornography websites, had to review its operating policy.
- « Jacquie et Michel : le Parquet de Paris ouvre une enquête pour « viols » et « proxénétisme », 20 Minutes, 10 September 2020
- « Pornographie : des associations saisissent le CSA pour faire bloquer des sites accessibles aux mineurs », L’Union, 27 November 2020
- « MasterCard et Visa suspendent les paiements sur le site pornographique PornHub », Le Monde, 11 December 2020
- « Très critiqué, PornHub désactive des millions de vidéos pornographiques », Le Monde, 14 December 2020
- « Pornhub needs to change – or shut down », The Guardian, 9 March 2020
https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/mar/09/pornhub-needs-to-change-or-shut-down
This evolution concerned the public authorities and the media opened the debate on the ideology and the practices of the pornographic industry.
- « Le Sénat adopte une obligation de vérification de l’âge accrue sur les sites pornographiques », Le Monde, 10 June 2020
« Les méthodes de l’industrie pornographique sont identiques à celles des réseaux de traite des êtres humains », Le Monde, 21 December 2020
- « La pornographie, « outil de propagande du patriarcat ? », Libération, 24 December 2020